从后发到先发：关于实施创新驱动战略的理论思考

进入“十二五”时期，我国尤其是东部沿海发达地区已具备了逐步扬弃“后发优势”战略和实施“先发优势”战略的基本条件。在制度创新的支持下，突破中等收入陷阱魔咒的主要武器在于加速发展创新型经济，由此才能用高经济回报化解生活水平提高后要素价格再评估的巨大压力。在创新经济中，我国发达地区在全球经济竞争舞台上的角色，会由追赶者变为赶超者，甚至变为领跑者；在功能上，则会由技术标准的遵循者变成制定者；在市场地位上，将由弱势的追随者变成市场的垄断者或寡头竞争者，由全球价值链的低端代工者变成价值链的“链主”。为此，国家层面的发展战略的转型、形成财富效应的氛围、严厉的知识产权保护体系和定期垄断制度、通过服务业全球化集聚高端人才、提升开放型经济水平、建设创新文化等，就成为决定我国创新经济发展水平的几个关键问题。

From Late-Development Advantage to First-Mover Advantage:Theoretic Thoughts On Implementing the Innovation-Driven Strategy

During the period of 12th Five-Year Plan,China,especially eastern coastal areas,has been satisfied the requirements of dropping late-coming policy and carrying out preemptive policy.Accelerated development of innovation-driven economy can be a weapon to break the middle income trap.Therefore,the determinants of innovative economy would be the transformation of development strategy at the national level,the environment of forming a wealth effect,the strict intellectual property protection,the agglomeration of skilled labor through service industry globalization,the improvement of open economy and the construction of innovative culture.