银行业的集中、竞争与绩效

各国金融资产配置方式不同 ,银行业的产业组织结构也存在鲜明的差异。与传统的产业组织理论的逻辑推论及其倡导的理想境界可能完全相反 ,由大规模银行组成的相对集中的产业组织结构并不一定导致竞争程度的下降。中国银行业偏高的集中率并不是影响行业竞争程度的原因 ,事实表明 ,中国各银行之间在存贷业务及其他业务上并不缺乏竞争。主要问题在于现有的国有银行经营机制不灵活、效率过低。即使中国银行业大幅度提高了商业化程度 ,银行业的产业组织结构也不宜于过度分散 ,保持相对集中的行业结构 ,可能更有利于提高金融资产的配置效率。

Concentration,Competition and Performance in Banking

The industrial structure of bank varies in countries since every country allocat es its own financial assets differently from others.Therefore,the industrial str ucture of relative concentration bank,which consists of a few big banks,would no t be bound to degrade the degree of competition.In China,the industrial structur e of highly Concentration of banking is not the main reason that hinders the com petition between banks.And there is evidence that banking in China compete with each other in the business of deposit and loan.The main cause,which leads to low allocation efficiency of financial assets,is that operational mechanism of stat e\|owned banks is lack of flexibility and the banks perform poorly.Therefore,eve n if process of commercialization of state\|owned banks in China accelerates gre atly,it should not over\|separate the structure of the banking,and it had better keep relative concentration rate to improve the efficiency of allocation of fin ancial assets in China.