新型道路复合沥青材料改性剂的选择与配比优化

为了优化沥青路面材料的减振降噪性能，延长路面的使用寿命，对现有沥青材料进行改性优化。选用硅藻土和玄武岩纤维作为改性剂对沥青材料进行复合改性，依据孔隙率、阻尼比、矿料间隙率、吸声系数、流值变形量、马歇尔稳定度、沥青饱和度7个参数确定复合改性沥青材料的配比，制备出硅藻土与玄武岩纤维复合改性沥青材料。分别对硅藻土单掺杂沥青材料、玄武岩纤维单掺杂沥青材料和硅藻土与玄武岩纤维复合改性沥青材料进行了力学特性试验，分析其物理性能，并对不同沥青混合料的减振降噪性能进行了对比测试。结果表明，硅藻土和玄武岩纤维复合掺杂最佳配比：油石质量比为5.5%，玄武岩纤维掺杂比为0.3%，硅藻土掺杂比为7.5%。复合材料的减振降噪性能优于普通沥青材料，与其相比，最优配比下的新型复合材料吸声系数峰值高出38.89%，吸声系数均值高出30.30%。复合改性沥青材料具有良好的减振降噪性能并且具有显著的高温稳定性和低温抗裂性，研究结果可为同质路面材料的进一步优化提供参考，对于提高道路的服务能力具有实际应用价值。

Selection and proportioning optimization of modifiers for new road composite asphalt materials

In order to optimize the vibration and noise reduction performance of asphalt pavement materials and prolong the service life of pavement, the modification and optimization of existing asphalt materials were executed. Diatomite and basalt fiber were used as modifiers to compound and modify the asphalt materials. According to the porosity, damping ratio, voids in the mineral aggregate, sound absorption coefficient, deformation of flow value, Marshall stability and asphalt saturation, the proportioning of composite modified asphalt materials were determined, and diatomite/basalt fiber composite modified asphalt materials were prepared. The mechanical properties of diatomite single-doped asphalt materials, basalt fiber single-doped asphalt materials, and diatomite/basalt fiber composite modified asphalt materials were tested to analyze their physical properties, and the vibration and noise reduction performance of different asphalt mixtures were compared. The results show that the optimum mixing ratio of diatomite and basalt fiber is as follows: The mass ratio of oil stone is 5.5%, the doping ratio of basalt fiber is 0.3%, and the doping ratio of diatomite is 7.5%. The vibration and noise reduction performance of composite materials is better than that of ordinary asphalt materials, and the peak value of the sound absorption coefficient of the new composite materials under the optimal ratio is 38.89% higher, and the average sound absorption coefficient is 30.30% higher. The composite modified asphalt materials have a good performance in vibration and noise reduction, temperature stability and low temperature crack resistance. The research results can provide reference for the further optimization of homogeneous pavement materials, and have practical application value for improving the service capacity of roads .