商业性小额信贷在贫困地区有需求吗——基于内蒙古自治区农户的调查

通过内蒙古自治区两个贫困县316户农户的问卷调查，对商业性小额信贷在我国贫困地区的需求及其影响因素进行实证分析。研究发现，样本地区农户对商业性小额信贷的需求率为48.73%，不同收入和资产水平的农户对商业性小额信贷的需求存在差异；农户金融素养水平提升对商业性小额信贷需求与供给均具有显著的正向作用；贫困地区信贷市场银行信贷和民间借贷供给不足为商业性小额信贷提供了发展空间。商业性小额信贷“率大值小”的特征可以满足贫困地区农户小额的资金需求，缓解其短期融资困境。作为贫困地区传统金融产品的重要补充，商业性小额信贷也具有潜在的扶贫功能。政府应通过法律规范和政策扶持促进商业性小额信贷机构在贫困地区的发展。

Is There a Demand for Commercial Microfinance in Poor Areas—Based on the survey of farmers in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

This study empirically analyzes the demand for commercial microfinance in poor areas and its influencing factors by the survey data of 316 farmers in two poor counties of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The results show that the demand rate of commercial microfinance in the sample area was 48.73%, farmers with different income and asset levels have different demand for commercial microfinance. The improvement of farmers' financial literacy level has a significant positive effect on both the demand and supply of commercial microfinance, and the insufficient supply of bank credit and private loans in poor areas provides room for development of commercial microfinance. The characteristics of commercial microfinance "large rate and small value" can meet the small capital needs of farmers in poor areas and ease their short-term financing difficulties. As an important supplement to traditional financial products in poor areas, commercial microfinance has potential poverty alleviation functions. The government should support the development of commercial microfinance institutions in poor areas through legal regulations and policy support.