中国制造业大企业外向国际化趋势、问题与应对策略

本文分析了我国制造业大企业外向国际化的发展趋势、存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。通过研究发现,我国制造业大企业国际地位逐渐上升,外向国际化动因、全球生产组织方式、国际市场进入方式、企业社会责任呈现新趋势。但是,我国制造业大企业外向国际化水平和能力仍需要提升。与发达国家相比,制造业大企业利润率不高,国际化程度较低,行业分布不合理,同时面临发达国家贸易与投资保护主义的挑战。本文针对上述问题提出了相应的对策建议:培育具有国际竞争力的世界一流制造业大企业,需要政府和企业共同发力。从政府角度看,要推动形成全面开放新格局,构建中国主导的全球价值链,培育世界级先进制造业集群,推进国有企业改革,以及组合运用宏观调控政策工具。从企业角度看,要优化企业国际化战略,培育国际化核心能力,优化国际化竞争策略,以及防范企业国际化风险。

Trends and Problems of China’s Manufacturing Large Enterprises Outward Internationalization and Its Countermeasures

This paper analyzes the development trend and existing problems of China’s manufacturing enterprises’ outward internationalization, and puts forward corresponding countermeaswes this paper holds that the international status of China’s large manufacturing enterprises is gradually rising, and there are new trends in the motivation of outward internationalization, the mode of global production organization, the mode of international market entry and corporate social responsibility. However, the level and ability of outward internationalization of manufacturing large enterprises in China still need to be improved. Compared with developed countries, manufacturing large enterprises have low profit margin, low degree of internationalization and unreasonable industry distribution. At the same time, they are facing the challenges of trade and investment protectionism.This paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the above problems. To cultivate world-class manufacturing enterprises with international competitiveness, the government and enterprises need to work together.In the government’s point of view, we should promote the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up, build a global value chain dominated by China, cultivate world-class advanced manufacturing clusters, promote the reform of state-owned enterprises, and combine macro-control policy tools.In the enterprise’s point of view, we should optimize the internationalization strategy, cultivate the core competence of internationalization, optimize the tactics of internationalization competition, and guard against the risk of internationalization.