比较优势、贸易结构与资本积累：对Mazumdar假说适用性的检验及其扩展

Mazumdar（1996）的研究认为：当一国为资本品净进口国和消费品净出口国时，资本品的进口将导致资本品价格的下降进而引致折旧率的下降，结合Solow增长模型，折旧率的下降将促使一国投资率的上升并引致资本积累。本文运用中国数据对这一假说检验后认为：该理论只适用于小国贸易模式，对于诸如中国这样的贸易大国，比较优势决定下的贸易结构完全符合Mazumdar条件，但资本品进口和消费品出口并没有对中国资本积累起到促进作用，根本原因在于这样的贸易结构往往提高了资本品一消费品的相对甚至绝对价格，并最终恶化了中国的贸易条件，使得贸易收益并不明显。本文围绕这些这些问题进行了一定层次的论证。

Comparative Advantage, Trade Structure and Capital Accumulation

Mazumdar(1996)suggest that importing capital goods and exporting consumption goods will lead to a decline of the price of capital goods and the depreciation rate. With Solow growth model, this will contribute to a country capital accumulation and thus lead to economic growth. This paper uses Chinese data to test this hypothesis and conclude that:Mazumdar hypothesis applies only to a small country. For China, the trade Structure is in full compliance with the Mazumdar conditions. However, trade Structure did not play a role in promoting China capital accumulation. the fundamental reason is that such a trade Structure often worsen the terms of trade. On the other hand, whether the trade Structure could reduce the depreciation rate or not depends on the relative prices of capital/consumption goods rather than the absolute prices.