不同经济梯度下农村居民点产住空间结构分异特征以东营市为例

目的 农村居民点是人类聚居的重要场所，农村居民点产住空间结构反映农户生产居住需求，是农村人居环境优化的基础。方法 文章借助夜间灯光数据划分经济梯度，分别从多样性指数、优势度指数、组合类型三方面，定量分析东营市1 473个农村居民点产住空间分异特征。结果 （1）不同经济梯度区的农村居民点产住空间多样性指数、优势度指数均存在显著分异，多样性指数由低经济梯度区向高经济梯度区递增，优势度指数由低经济梯度区向高经济梯度区递减。（2）各经济梯度区产住空间主导组合类型均为生活居住空间，非主导组合类型差异较大。随着经济梯度提高，工业生产、商旅服务空间的优势度逐渐提升，组合类型由单一到复杂。（3）农村居民点产住空间结构分异受到自然本底、地理区位、经济结构、行政政策等4类要素作用，不同经济梯度区的主导因素不同。结论 充分认识不同经济梯度下农村居民点产住空间结构的分异特征，可为村庄规划分类施策提供科学依据。

STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRODUCTIVE AND DWELLING SPACE OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS UNDER DIFFERENT ECONOMIC GRADIENTSTAKING DONGYING CITY AS AN EXAMPLE

Rural settlements are important places for human living. The spatial structure of the productive and dwelling space of rural settlements reflects farmers'' needs of production and housing, which forms the basis for the optimization of the rural living environment. This study divided the rural areas into different economic gradient regions by nighttime light remote sensing data, and quantitatively analyzed the differentiation characteristics of 1 473 productive and dwelling spaces of rural settlements in Dongying city in terms of diversity index, dominance index, and combination type, respectively. The results were showed as follows. (1) The diversity index and dominance index of the productive and dwelling space of rural settlements in different economic gradient regions varied significantly, with the diversity index increasing from low economic gradient regions to high ones and the dominance index decreasing from low economic gradient regions to high ones. (2) All the dominant combination types of the productive and dwelling space of rural settlements in each economic gradient region were dwelling spaces, and the non-dominant combination types varied greatly. Besides, as the economic gradient increased, the dominance index of industrial production space and business and travel service space was gradually increased, and the combination types became complicated. (3) The structural differences of productive and dwelling space of rural settlements were influenced by four types of factors including natural resources, location conditions, economic structure, and administrative policies. The dominant factors were heterogenous in different economic gradient zones. Therefore, it is fully recognized that the productive and dwelling space of rural settlements under different economic gradients has different characteristics, which can provide scientific guidance for the formulation of village planning in a classified manner.