土地一级市场上租赁供地模式的法律表达——以《土地管理法》的修改为中心

土地一级市场上,租赁供地模式是出让供地模式的补充,也被界定为土地有偿使用的一种形式。就其实质而言,依租赁方式所取得的利用土地的权利在性质上仍属于一种债权,无法与以出让方式取得的利用土地的权利——物权(建设用地使用权)相比拟。建设用地使用权之设立仍应维系《物权法》上有偿(出让)与无偿(划拨)两种类型化上的区分,租赁不能作为建设用地使用权的设立方式。但在土地管理法修改时,土地出让制度相关规则仍应重新考量。

Legal Expression of Lease-based Land Supply Mode in Primary Land Supply Market Based on the Revision for Land Management Act

In primary land supply market,lease-based land supply mode is a supplement to assignment-based land supply mode,and is also defined as a compensation form of land use.The lease-based land use right is essentially a kind of creditor’s right,and cannot be comparable to the assignment-based land use right which is essentially a kind of real right,namely construction land use right.The provisions of Real Right Law concerning the differences between compensation mode,namely assignment,and free mode,namely allocation,still hold when establishing the construction land use right;and lease could not be a way to establish the construction land use right.But relevant rules of land assignment system still shall be reexamined when revising Land Management Act.