我国水产养殖的直接能耗及碳排放研究

在应对全球气候变化、践行节能减排战略的背景下,水产养殖也将朝低碳高效发展。从单位养殖水面、单位产量、单位产值等多角度对水产养殖的直接能耗、人工消耗及其产生的温室气体排放进行测算,并对全国主要淡水鱼主产省进行对比,结果表明,陕西、广东属高耗能高排放序列,湖北、安徽、江苏则属于低耗能低排放序列,而各省在机械和人工替代方面也有差异。为促进我国发展低碳养殖,可以尝试率先在有条件的省份出台低碳养殖发展规划,积极扶持规模化养殖、推行环境认证制度,鼓励水产养殖中使用可再生能源,积极引入环境经济手段。

A Study on Energy Consumption and Carbon Emission of China's Aquaculture

As response to climate change and ’energy-saving and emission-reduction’ strategy, aquaculture should develop toward the trend of high efficiency and low carbon.This paper assesses carbon emission of aquaculture from three dimensions,namely,per area,per quantity,and per value. And comparison among different provinces is also done.The results show that,aquaculture households of Shaanxi and Guangdong are high energy-consuming and high carbon,while Hubei, Anhui,Jiang are lower.And there are differences on the replacement between machinery use and human labor input among the provinces.In order to promote low-carbon cultivation,solutions may include introducing low-carbon cultivation strategies firstly in the qualified provinces,actively supporting scaled breeding,practicing environmental authentication system,encouraging the usage of renewable energy sources in aquaculture and positively bringing in environmental economic methods.