产业集聚、人力资本积累及空间溢出效应

人力资本对推动经济高质量发展至关重要,产业集聚由于知识外部性等原因可能会加速人力资本积累。本文探讨了产业集聚促进人力资本积累的微观机制,并运用空间面板模型及机制识别方法进行实证检验,结果发现:专业化与多样化集聚及其交互项对人力资本积累有正向影响,但专业化集聚作用更强。降低匹配成本会强化专业化集聚促进人力资本积累,但不能强化多样化集聚的作用效果。竞争未能通过机制检验,反映现阶段产业发展"集而不群",缺乏有效的竞争机制。省域人力资本空间溢出效应显著为正,但受制于地区贸易壁垒。因此,降低要素匹配成本、提高产业关联度、促进区域一体化是加速人力资本积累的关键。

Industrial Agglomeration,Human Capital Accumulation and Spatial Spillover Effect

Human capital is very important to promote high-quality economic development.Industrial agglomeration may accelerate the accumulation of human capital due to knowledge externality and other reasons.This paper discusses the micro mechanism of industrial agglomeration promoting human capital accumulation,and uses spatial panel model and mechanism identification method to carry out empirical test.The results show that:specialization and diversification agglomeration and their interaction have a positive impact on human capital accumulation,but specialization agglomeration plays a stronger role.Reducing the matching cost will strengthen the specialized agglomeration and promote the accumulation of human capital,but can not strengthen the effect of diversified agglomeration.Competition fails to pass the mechanism test,which reflects that the current industrial development is“concentrated but not clustered”,and lacks effective competition mechanism.The spatial spillover effect of provincial human capital is significantly positive,but it is subject to regional trade barriers.Therefore,the key to accelerate the accumulation of human capital is to reduce the matching cost of factors,improve the industrial relevance and promote regional integration.