我国R&D投入模式的合理性判断

通过数据分析,可以判断我国目前正处于工业化发展的第二阶段(或中级阶段),根据国际经验,这一阶段的R&D投入大多数国家都是采用企业与政府双主导型的模式,而我国目前企业的R&D投入占全社会R&D投入的比例高达70%以上,是典型的企业主导模式。对于这一模式的合理性,有不同的观点,有人认为我国应该提高政府的R&D投入比例,遵循双主导模式,也有人认为,由于时代变迁,后发国家的运行轨迹可能不同于先发国家,比如后发国家日本,在工业化第二阶段就是采用企业主导模式的,我们可以借鉴日本的经验。我们认为,不管是先发国家的模式还是后发国家的模式,我们都不可以直接套用其标准,而是应该具体分析我国目前模式的成因以及对R&D活动造成的影响,才能判断其合理性,并找到下一步改革的方向。

Judgment on the Rationality of R&D Investment Pattern in China

It can be concluded that China is on the second phase(intermediate stage) of industrialization from data analysis,in which most countries adopt the pattern of enterprises and government co-dominating.However,presently China’s R&D investment from enterprises takes over 70% in the whole society,a typical enterprise-dominant pattern.Mixed views are seen for the rationality of the enterprise-dominant pattern.Some consider Chinese government should raise up its R&D investment proportion to abide by the co-dominating pattern;others hold that evolution track of later developed countries differs from earlier developed countries,such as Japan,as a later developed country,who took the enterprise-dominant pattern on the second phase.We may take the experience of Japan for reference.We believe that whichever patterns of earlier or later developed countries,we can’t apply their standards mechanically,instead we should specifically analyze the mechanics of the present adopted pattern and its influences to R&D activities,then the rationality can be judged and directions for further innovations can be found.