干旱区塔里木河流域地下水资源统筹管理研究

地下水资源是流域水资源的重要组成部分,是干旱区生态环境的命脉。塔里木河流域地下水资源具有典型的"公共池塘资源悲剧"特征,存在地表水与地下水管理分割、统筹协调不足等问题。流域地下水资源开发利用处于相对失控状态,地下水资源的过度开发利用,造成部分地区河道断流、湖泊水位下降,产生了一系列生态环境问题。根据存在的问题,文章分别从完善流域与区域的地下水资源管理法规体系,完善源流与干流地下水资源管理体制,建立地下水库与地表水统筹调度模式,建立流域地下水与地表水资源统筹管理模式等方面提出了管理对策,以期促进塔里木河流域可持续发展。

STUDY OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT IN THE ARID AREA OF TARIM RIVER BASIN

Groundwater resource is an important part of the basin water resources and the lifeblood of the ecological environment in arid area. The groundwater resources in the Tarim River Basinhadsomeproblems such as manage-ment segmentation, lack of co-ordination between the surface water and groundwater, and out of control in the groundwater resources development and utilization. The excessive exploitation of groundwater resources resulted in a series of ecological and environmental problems such as drying up parts of the river, and dropping the water level. According to these problems, this paper put forward some management countermeasures, including improving laws and regulations system for groundwater resources management in river basin,perfecting the management system for headstream and mainstream groundwater resources, establishing the integrated scheduling model of underground reservoir and surface water,and constructing the integrated management mode of the basin groundwater and surface water resources, so as to promote the sustainable development in the Tarim River Basin.