乡村旅游对提高土地利用效率及经济效益研究——以常熟市蒋巷村为例

目的]通过研究乡村旅游对提高农村土地利用效率的拉动作用,为提高乡村旅游经济效益提供理论依据。方法]文章采用实地调查法和问卷调查法,以常熟市蒋巷村为例对其乡村旅游用地效率及经济效益开展实证研究。结果]蒋巷村在发展乡村旅游之后,超过70%的农户将自家耕地出租给他人或以入股的形式加入集体或公司从事旅游开发,以租赁费和分红的形式获得报酬。在本村内先后建成了新村别墅、农业生态旅游观光园、蒋巷工业园、生态种养园、村民新家园、农民蔬菜园、无公害优质粮油基地的分布格局,使绝大多数农民由原本单一的种植业转型为种植业、养殖业和林果业三者相结合的模式,这也使绝大多数农民的家庭收入和土地收入成倍增加。全村70%以上的家庭中旅游业收入占到家庭总收入的40%~60%。乡村旅游业为村民带来的经济利益和生态效益进一步扩大,村民的幸福感和土地收益满意度大幅度提升。该村超过90%的农户加入了"社区+公司+农户"的旅游发展模式,通过联合各家农户进行公司的创立,并配套完善的生活与旅游为一体的社区服务体系,以此形成了健全的旅游市场运行机制。结论]发展乡村旅游后,农村土地的经营方式得到彻底改善,旅游带动和加速了农村土地流转,调整了农村产业结构,提高了土地的利用效率和经济收益,增加了农民收入,促进了农村经济和环境的可持续发展。

THE PROMOTION OF LAND UES EFFICIENCY IN RURAL TOURISM BASED ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

With the aim of enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the rural tourism and promoting the rural tourism development, taking Jiangxiang village, Changshu city as an example, this paper analyzed the land use efficiency of rural tourism using the method of investigation and field survey.The results showed that more than 70% of the farmers rented out their farmland or joined in the collective or company who engaged in tourism development.The new countryside villa, agricultural ecological sightseeing garden, industrial park, ecological farming, the new vegetable garden, and pollution-free high-quality grain base were established, which transformed a single mode to a combined cropping, breeding and horticulture system, and then increased the majority of farmers' family income and land income.The village tourism income in more than 70% families accounted for 40% ~ 60% of total household income.Rural economic and ecological benefits of tourism were further enhanced, which significantly enhanced land benefit and the satisfaction of villagers.More than 90% of the farmers joined the "community + company + peasant household" mode of tourism development.A complete community service system was formed, and the tourism market operation mechanism was created.It concluded that the development of rural tourism played an important role in improving the mode of operation of rural land, speeding up the rural land circulation, optimizing the rural industrial structure, improving the land use efficiency and economic benefits, increasing the farmers' income, and promoting the sustainable development of the rural economy and the environment.