韧性城市基层应急第一响应人制度的实践分析与探讨

韧性城市建设可有效提升城市减灾与恢复能力，与城市应急管理功能交叉融合，第一响应人制度能显著提升基层应急能力，促进韧性城市社区的良好运行。基于研究现状分析，通过问卷调查对雅安市芦山县某行政村（社区）基层第一响应人队伍建设现状展开调研，进而分析了基层应急第一响应人制度的实践效果。调研发现，基层群众对第一响应人队伍有较为清晰的认知，对其应急响应能力总体满意且有较强烈参与意愿，但认为救援装备和知识等方面有待提高。实践分析表明，第一响应人制度已基本形成但队伍建设有待完善，应急预案体系已建立但培训与演练仍需加强，此外，科普宣教应急知识促使群众应急能力明显提升。最后，从强化政府作为、丰富培训演练、规范队伍建设、构建交流平台、鼓励公众参与等五个方面提出改进措施。

Practical Analysis and Discussion on the First Responder System of Grass-roots Emergency in Resilient Cities: A Case Study on Lushan County,Ya'an

Resilient city construction can effectively enhance urban disaster reduction and recovery capabilities, and intercross and fusion with urban emergency management functions. While, the first responder team system can significantly improve the emergency response capacity of the grassroots and promote the good operation of resilient urban communities. Based on literature review, through questionnaire survey, the current situation of the construction of the first responders at the grass-roots level in an administrative village (community) in Lushan County, Ya’an City, was investigated. Then the practical effect of the first responder system at the grass-roots level was analyzed. The survey found that the grassroots have a clear understanding of the first responder team. They are generally satisfied with their emergency response capabilities and show a strong willingness to participate, but believe that aspects such as rescue equipment and knowledge need to be improved. Practical analysis shows that the first responder system has been basically formed but team building needs to be improved, and the emergency plan system has been established but training and drills still need to be strengthened. In addition, science popularization and education have promoted the public’s emergency response capability. Finally, the paper puts forward improvement measures from five aspects: strengthening government action, enriching training drills, standardizing team construction, building communication platforms, and encouraging public participation.