超越论视域下资本主义全球化的本质批判及当代变化

一系列黑天鹅事件的发生标志着全球化进入了新阶段。后世很多马克思主义学者在援引《资本论》的政治经济学理论分析全球化问题时，因缺乏超越论视野，总是将研究集中在生产领域而忽视了流通领域，这将直接导致研究停留在表象层面。基于超越论视野，我们能看到马克思早已从剩余价值在流通领域的实现中揭示出了资本主义全球化的本质，即在共同体的差异中追求剩余价值的实现。通过对近代以来资本主义国家的基本构成元素——资本、民族、国家进行分析，还能发现导致当代全球化发展进入新阶段的根本原因是，资本无法实现对资本、民族、国家三位一体结构的超越而引发的历史的反复。基于上述研究能提供一种全新的视野用以解释民主社会主义、区域经济体、民粹主义和分配正义等现象，进而对基于流通领域社会主义应该如何实现对资本主义的超越有所启示。

Essential Criticism and Contemporary Explanation of Capitalism Globalization under the Background of the Perspective of Transcendence Theory

A series of black swan events declares that the globalization enters a new stage. When many later Marxist scholars cited the political and economic theory of Das Kapital to analyze the globalization problem, they always focused their research on the production field but neglected the circulation field because they lacked the vision of transcendentalism, which would directly makes the study stay at the surface. After correctly grasping the transcendence theory, we can see that Marx has already revealed the essence of capitalist globalization from the realization of surplus value in the field of circulation, that is, pursuing the realization of surplus value in the difference of the community. Under the perspective of transcendentalism in the capitalist countries since modern times, the foundation analysis of the basic components such as capital, nation and country also can find that the root cause which leads to the development of contemporary globalization is that the capital can not realize the transcendence of the new stage of trinity system of capital, nation, and country, which result in the repeating of history. Based on the above research, we can provide a new perspective to explain the phenomena of democratic socialism, regional economic entities, populism and distributive justice, and then to enlighten us on how socialism should surpass capitalism in the field of circulation.