中国卫生筹资的再分配效应

利用2006年中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据和类似于税收再分配的分解方法,将卫生筹资的再分配效应分为三部分:累进效应、水平平等效应和再排序效应。卫生筹资增加了收入不平等,表现出了亲富人的再分配,主要原因在于水平不平等和再排序效应,如果相同收入的人群进行相同的卫生支付,再分配效应将会降低64%,另一原因在于卫生筹资系统的累退性。在同为从穷人到富人的再分配中,农村卫生筹资亲富人的再分配程度高于城市;农村卫生筹资的累退程度大于城市;农村卫生筹资的水平不平等小于城市。

The Redistributive Effect of Health Care Finance in China

Based on the China Health and Nutrition Surveys(CHNS)and the method of decomposing tax,this paper decompose the redistributive effect of the china health care financing system into three components:a progressivity component,a classical horizontal equity component and a reranking component.Our results suggest that the china health care financing system overall has pro-rich redistributive effect.Finance health care increase unequal income distribution.Most of this is due to the horizontal inequity and reranking-redistributive effect would have been some 64% lower than it was in 2006 if all households at each level of(equivalent)income had made exactly the same(equivalent)health care payments,Some of the system's pro-rich redistributive effect is due the system's regressiveness.Health care financing system of urban and rural both has pro-rich redistributive effect,rural's pro-rich redistributive effect,regressiveness is larger than urban's,while the horizontal inequity of rural is smaller than urban's.