人力资本、营商环境优化与外资企业创新——兼论引智的重要性

在营商环境优化成为培育引资及引技竞争新优势的背景下，考察发展中国家的营商环境优化对外资企业创新意愿的影响以及外资企业人力资本的调节效应。研究表明：营商环境优化降低了外资企业进行技术创新、流程创新和产品创新的意愿，且平均边际效应依次增强；内在机制是营商环境优化带来的外资企业特惠度降低和内资企业竞争力增强；外资企业的人力资本增强了营商环境优化对其创新意愿的降低作用，且是通过增强外资企业特惠度、降低抑制其创新意愿以及营商环境优化促进内资企业竞争力的方式实现的。进一步发现，外资企业的引智具有显著的创新溢出效应，且内资企业的吸收能力存在积极的调节效应。

Human Capital,Doing Business Optimization and Innovation of Foreign-Owned Enterprise-The Importance of Introducing Intelligence

In the context of ease of doing business has become the cultivating new advantages in attracting foreign investment and technology, the impact of ease of doing business in developing countries on the intention of foreign-owned enterprises to innovate and the moderating effect of human capital in foreign-owned enterprises have been analyzes in this paper. The results are as follows:the ease of doing business has reduced the intention of foreign-owned enterprises to engage in technological, process and product innovation, and the average marginal effect has increased in turn; the internal mechanisms are the reduction of preferential degree of foreign-owned enterprises and the elevation of competitiveness of domestic enterprises; human capital of foreign-owned enterprises enhances the reducing effect of ease of doing business on their innovation intention, which achieving through enhancing the reducing effect of preferential degree of foreign-owned enterprises on their innovation intention and the promoting effect of ease of doing business on the competitiveness of domestic enterprises; human capital of foreign-owned enterprises has a significant innovation spillover effect, and the absorption capacity of domestic enterprises has a positive moderating effect.