基于DEA-Malmquist的沿海港口转型升级测度及趋势研究

从港口全要素生产效率视角出发,采用Malmquist全要素生产率指数对传统数据包络分析(DEA)方法进行改进,克服了传统DEA方法不能处理不同时期面板数据的缺点,通过构建基于规模报酬可变的DEA-Malmquist模型,可以掌握港口转型升级程度及发展趋势。以山东沿海港口为实例,利用DEA-Malmquist模型进行分析,结果表明:山东省沿海港口的总体效率在2014—2018年整体呈上升趋势;各个港口发展并不平衡;全省港口的Malmquist生产力指数虽然受到了规模效率的制约,但仍呈上升趋势。最后,提出了山东沿海港口转型升级发展的对策建议。

Measurement and trend of transformation and upgradation of coastal ports based on DEA-Malmquist productivity index

From the perspective of total factor production efficiency of ports, the traditional data envelopment analysis(DEA)method is improved by using the Malmquist total factor productivity index, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional DEA method that cannot deal with different periods. The DEA Malmquist model with variable returns is established so as to investigate the upgradation degree and the development trend of transformation of ports. It is used to analyze the coastal ports in Shandong Province. The results show that the overall efficiency of coastal ports in Shandong Province has an increasing trend from 2014 to 2018. The development situations of various ports are not balanced. Although the Malmquist productivity index of the coastal ports in Shandong Province is restricted by the scale efficiency, it still has an increasing trend. Some suggestions are put forward for the transformation and upgradation of coastal ports in Shandong Province.