基于耕地综合质量的基本农田布局优化——以河南省温县为例

研究目的:有效整合农用地分等与土地质量地球化学评估两项成果,补充完善区域基本农田布局优化方法。研究方法:运用GIS空间分析法整合农用地分等与土地质量地球化学评估两项成果,对研究区基本农田进行耕地综合质量评价。运用名特优农产品喜嗜典型元素分析法,确定基本农田布局优化方案。研究结果:温县基本农田布局优化后不仅面积增加了37 hm2,调入的基本农田利用等、肥力、环境健康、地化综合质量都大幅提高,有益元素N、P富集区面积大幅增加59.30 hm2和185.61 hm2,有害重金属元素Pb的2—3级富集区面积大幅减少195.45 hm2。研究结论:基本农田布局优化是贯彻落实"十分珍惜、合理利用土地和切实保护耕地"基本国策的重要工作;整合成果丰富了耕地综合质量的内涵,为区域土地资源的合理、高效、可持续利用提供科学依据。

Spatial Allocation Optimization of Prime Farmland Based on Cultivated Land Comprehensive Quality: A Case Study of Wen County,Henan Province

The purpose of the study is to explore a new method for spatial allocation optimization of prime farmland, which is supported by the integration of agricultural land classification and land quality geochemical assessment. Firstly, the integration is used to evaluate the cultivated land comprehensive quality in GIS spatial analysis, taking Wen County, Henan Province as an example. Then allocation optimization program of prime farmland is presented with the typical elements. The study showed that prime farmland increased 37 hectares after adjusting the allocation. The gradation of the utilization, environment, soil fertility and the comprehensive quality of the selected cultivated land obviously increased. The enrichment areas of beneficial element N, P both increased 59.30 hectares and 185.61 hectares. The enrichment areas of harmful heavy metal element Pb reduced 195.45 hectares sharply. Spatial allocation optimization of prime farmland is an important measure based on the fundamental national policy of “Making use of the each land reasonably, cherish it carefully and protecting land practically”. The integration results enriched the meaning of comprehensive quality of cultivated land, and directed the sensible efficient sustainable utilization of regional land resources.