Health Damage of Air Pollution: An Estimate of a Dose–Response Relationship for the Netherlands |
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Authors: | THIJS ZUIDEMA ANDRIES NENTJES |
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Institution: | (1) University of Groningen, Postbox 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | This paper estimates the dose-response relationship between air pollution and the number of work loss days for the Netherlands.
The study is based on illness data (work loss days) for the Dutch labour population and average year concentrations of air
pollution in 29 districts. The dose-response relationship has been estimated by means of two different techniques: the ordinary
least squares method (OLS) and the one-way fixed-effects method (OWFEM), which we consider to be more adequate. In general
health effects are much smaller when OWFEM is applied than if OLS is used. With OWFEM a significant relationship is found
between sulphate aerosol (SO4), ammonia (NH3) and the number of work loss days (WLDs). Particulates (TSP), O3 and SO2 have no significant effect on the number of WLDs. These results differ from those obtained in studies in the United States,
which indicate that particulates (TSP) and other small particles, ozone (O3) and to a lesser extent SO4 and SO2 significantly influence the number of WLDs. |
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Keywords: | abatement of air pollution dose-response relationship health damage one-way fixed-effects method |
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