初次分配中劳动收入份额的测算、变动趋势、成因：一个综述

劳动收入份额持续下降的趋势会恶化收入差距，扩大基尼系数。在公有制为主体的基本经济制度和按劳分配为主体的基本分配制度下，劳动收入份额下降有悖于实现共同富裕的目标。本文梳理了收入分配的相关理论，与测算劳动收入份额的方法。综述分析了国内外学者关于劳动收入份额下降的原因，既有经济发展，全球化，产业结构变迁等宏观经济环境变化的原因，也有不完全竞争市场条件，劳动力议价能力等微观因素，还有政府行为的影响。最后对现有研究作出了简要的评析，指出今后可以进一步研究的方向。

A Review of the Calculation,Change Tendency and Causes of the Labor Income Share in the Initial Income Distribution

The trend of labor income share continues decreasing will widen the income gap and expand the Gini-coeffi- cient. Under the background of the public ownership as the mainstay of the basic economic system and the distribution accord- ing to work as the main body of the basic distribution system, the decline of labor income share goes against the realization of the goal of common prosperity. This paper reviews the theories of income distribution, the calculation method of labor income share and the viewpoints of domestic and foreign scholars on the causes of labor income share decline, which includes not only economic development, globalization, changes in industry structure and the macroeconomic environment, but also includes some microeconomic factors such as incomplete competitive market conditions and labor bargaining power, what＇s more, govern- ment behavior exerts. At the end, this paper gives a brief analysis of the existing research and points out the direction of further study.