我国新型研发机构的政策分析及地方建设实践

我国新型研发机构处于蓬勃发展阶段，未来新型研发机构的建设目标应逐步实现由数量建设到高质量发展的转变。为推动高水平新型研发机构的建设及自主可持续发展，从政策视角梳理我国新型研发机构的发展历程及地方建设实践，分析其发展规律及建设范式。研究发现：功能定位从面向市场的技术创新主体，拓展为科学研究、技术创新、研发服务等多方面功能定位；准入形式以评审认定制和备案制为主；注册属性以企业、事业单位为主；建设模式主要为央地共建、地方政府主导和大型企业主导建设；多元筹资是重要特征；治理结构采用理事（董事）会治理下的院（所）长负责制；用人机制具有灵活、多样、市场化特点；（8）持续的价值输出是可持久发展的核心条件。基于政策分析及地方建设实践，在新型研发机构功能定位、筹资模式、用人机制以及培育发展等方面提出相关政策建议。

Policy Analysis and Local Construction Practice of New R&D Institutions in China

The New R&D institutions in China are experiencing a period of rapid growth. In the future, the construction goal of New R&D institutions should gradually realize the transformation from quantitative construction to high-quality development.In order to promote the construction of high-level New R&D institutions and independent sustainable development, the developmental process and local construction practices in China are examined from a policy perspective, their development rules and construction paradigms are analyzed. The results are as follows the functional orientation has transitioned from a primary emphasis on market-driven technological innovation to encompass a broader range of functions, including scientific research, technological innovation, and R&D services. The authorization of New R&D institutions is mainly based on the review and certification or registration and filing. The main types of registration are enterprises and institutions. The construction modes are mainly divided into three categories: joint construction by the central government and local governments, local government-led construction, and large-scale enterprise-led construction. Diversified financing is a significant feature of New R&D institutions. The governance structure follows a board of directors (or council) decision-making system, with the dean (or director) being held accountable to the board (or council). The employment mechanism is flexible, diverse, and market-oriented. Continuous value output is crucial for the sustainable development of New R&D institutions. Based on policy analysis and local construction practice, relevant policy recommendations are proposed from the perspective of functional positioning, financing model, personnel mechanism, and nurturing and development of New R&D institutions.