乡村收缩背景下松嫩平原乡村地区人口—经济空间耦合关系

以松嫩平原乡村地区32个县域单元为例,基于空间自相关分析及人口集中度指数、经济集中度指数、人口与经济分布不一致指数的测度,揭示乡村收缩背景下松嫩平原乡村地区人口—经济的空间耦合关系。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年,松嫩平原乡村地区人口数量先增加后减少,人口密度空间分布呈现"南密北疏"的格局。(2)人口空间分布的关联性较强,呈现典型的集聚分布模式,人口集中度指数南高北低且高值区域逐渐向北扩展。(3)经济集中度分布格局多呈现"双核"模式,且经济空间分布不均衡性大于人口空间分布的不均衡性。总体来看,近20年来,松嫩平原乡村地区人口—经济的空间耦合类型中,协调发展型和经济迟滞型的县域类型居多。

Spatial Coupling Relationship Between Rural Population and Economy Under the Background of Rural Shrinkage in Songnen Plain

Based on the spatial autocorrelation analysis and the index measurement of rural population concentration,economic concentration and inconsistency in 32 counties of Songnen Plain, this paper indicates the spatial coupling relationship between rural population and economy in Songnen Plain under the background of rural shrinkage. The results are as follows: (1) The rural population of Songnen Plain increased first and then decreased in 2000-2018. The spatial distribution of population density had significant difference and showed a imbalanced pattern which it’s denser in the south of Songnen Plain than in the north. (2) The population showed the characteristic of aggregated distribution,which was higher in the south than in the north. The counties with high population concentration were increasing year by year,and their increasing direction was mainly northward. (3) The distribution pattern of economic concentration in Songnen Plain showed a "dual-core" model and the economic concentration level generally showed a downward trend. The spatial correlation effect of rural population distribution was strong, showing a typical pattern of agglomeration distribution. In the past 20 years,most counties in the spatial matching pattern of population-economy in Songnen Plain belonged to the types of coordinated development and economic lag. The results can provide scientific basis for the planning of rural reconstruction and multifunctional development of agriculture in traditional farming areas of northeast China.