城乡一体化的土地市场运行特征及利益保障制度

研究目的:探讨城乡土地市场一体化后的运行机制和利益保障制度。研究方法:综合运用文献研究法、定性分析法、比较分析法等方法。研究结果:构建了城乡一体化的土地市场运行结构,分析了城乡土地市场一体化的运行机制特征和利益保障制度。研究结论:城市一体化的土地市场是城市土地市场和农村土地市场有机融合的市场;城乡土地市场一体化要求集体土地与国有土地产权平等、农村土地市场与城市土地市场直接对接、集体土地征收和流转中集体及农民获得足额的市场价格补偿、集体所有土地的流转的收益主要归各级集体经济组织和农民、农地发展权得到充分补偿、重新定位政府在土地市场中的角色、重新定位城市土地储备制度;为确保城乡一体化土地市场的运行,要建立合理的中央和地方土地财政收入分配机制、确保地方政府获取并维持稳定长期的土地税收收入、建立健全税收体制以调控土地利益分配、建立适应市场机制的以非市场化政策手段调控土地用途导向和公共产品供给的政策、保障农民利益不受侵犯。

Research on Urban-Rural Integrated Land Market Operation and Its Revenue Distribution Mechanism

The purposes of this paper are to explore the urban-rural integrated land market operation and its revenue distribution mechanism, and to provide the complement policy measures. Method employed is the combination of documentation, qualitative analysis and comparative analysis. The results indicate that the integrated land market operation, revenue distribution and complement policy measures have been analyzed. It is concluded firstly that the urban-rural integrated land market requires（1）the equality of the property rights of the rural collective-owned and urban state-owned land, （2）the direct combination of rural and urban land market, （3）the readjustment of the role of the government in land market, and（4）the sufficient compensation for rural land development rights. Secondly the revenue distribution of land market requires that （1）a feasible central and local land revenue distribution mechanism; （2）local governments obtain and maintain long-term and stable land tax revenue;（3）collective economic organization of each level is responsible for the revenue distribution from the collective land;（4）farmers get full market-oriented compensation from land expropriation. Thirdly, in order to maintain the operation of urban-rural integrated land market, it is necessary to （1）regulate land use guidance and public product supply via non-market-oriented policy measures; （2）establish a completed tax system so as to regulate revenue distribution; （3）re-assess the role of urban land banking system; and （4）improve the social security of farmers