基于农户意愿的农村宅基地集约面积估算——以渝东北11区县为例

研究目的：选取地处三峡库区腹地且生态环境脆弱的渝东北11区县为研究区域，从农户意愿角度揭示满足宅基地需求最大化时的人均宅基地集约用地面积，为农村宅基地集约利用乃至农村建设用地集约利用提供建议。研究方法：农户调查法，消费效用函数计算，K值聚类分析法。研究结果：农户宅基地用地需求与农户建房支出水平、农村房屋建造单价、农户消费偏好、房屋需求强度等存在依赖关系；在满足宅基地需求最大化时的最佳户均宅基地面积为122.14 — 140.06 m2/户，最佳人均农村宅基地面积为31.32 — 35.91 m2/人。研究结论：渝东北地区农村宅基地的集约利用潜力巨大，农村建设用地集约利用潜力挖掘具有极强可行性，应扎实推进宅基地内部挖潜，着力探索农村宅基地集约利用新机制。

Estimation an Intensive Use Standard for Rural Residential Land Regarding Farmers’ Willingness: Taking Eleven Districts and Counties in Northeastern Chongqing as Example

The purposes of this paper are to calculate the intensive use standard for rural residential land regarding the willingness of farmers in terms of the demand utility maximization principle, which is based on a survey in the selected eleven districts and counties in northeastern Chongqing （located in the hinterland of the Three-Gorges with fragile ecological environment）. The paper also aims to provide scientific reference for the intensive use of rural residential land and further the rural construction land in practice. The methods of rural household survey, consumer utility function calculation and K value cluster analysis were used in the paper. The results show that the demand of rural residential land is related with the expenditure level of construction of the household, the price of building the house, the preference of the household consumption, and the demand degree of the household. It is also calculated that the optimal area per household, which meets the requirement of demand utility maximization, is between 122.14 m2 and 140.06 m2, and the optimal area per capita is between 31.32 m2 and 35.91 m2. The paper is concluded with that there is significant potential for more intensively using the rural residential land in northeastern Chongqing. Furthermore, the intensive use of rural construction land is thus highly feasible to be implemented. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively accelerate the intensive use of rural construction land in each village internally, and to explore a new mechanism to govern it.