浙江嘉兴市“两分两换”农村土地整治模式探讨

研究目的：总结浙江省嘉兴市农村土地整治的“两分两换”模式的经验，分析问题，完善改革措施，为中国东部沿海发达地区开展农村土地整治工作提供借鉴。研究方法：用制度分析方法并结合问卷调查、咨询访谈等实证方法对“两分两换”模式的利益关系、协调机制和政策实施过程进行分析。研究结果：“两分两换”模式是中国发达地区农村土地整治的有效模式之一，具有一定的借鉴意义；但也面临现有模式不完善、财政压力大、基本农田调整等问题。研究结论：作为促进城乡统筹发展的农村土地整治重要措施，“两分两换”模式需采取科学规划、加强招商引资力度、积极培育农业龙头企业等措施解决其面临的问题。

Discussion on the “Two Separations and Two Exchanges”: A Rural Land Reclamation and Readjustment Mode in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Provinc

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the experience and existing problems of the so-called “Two Separations and Two Exchanges” mode, i.e., a rural land reclamation and readjustment mode in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province, aiming to provide references for the rural land reclamation and readjustment projects in the developed coastal areas of Eastern China. Methods used include institutional analysis, questionnaire survey, and individual interview, analyzing the interest relation, coordination mechanism and policy implementation process of the “Two Separations and Two Exchanges” mode. The result shows that the mode of “Two Separations and Two Exchanges” is one of the effective modes of rural land reclamation and readjustment in developed areas of China, which also has remarkable reference value for other areas. However, the mode is faced with some difficulties such as imperfect governance structure, financial pressure and the adjustment of primary farmland which is legally forbidden. The conclusion of this paper is that the mode of “Two Separations and Two Exchanges”, as significant measures of rural land reclamation and readjustment for accelerating rural-urban integrated development, requires further adoption of scientific planning, more investments and actively fostering the leaded agricultural enterprises and other measures to solve the existing problems.