城市工业用地效率区域差异及影响因素研究

研究目的：对中国各省2005—2010年城市工业用地效率变化状况及其影响因素进行实证分析。研究方法：采用数据包络分析（DEA）测算全国各省2005—2010年城市工业用地效率，在此基础上，运用混合模型和固定效应模型分析全国城市工业用地效率的影响因素。研究结果：（1）城市工业用地效率差异大且呈现下降的趋势；（2）各省的城市工业用地效率变异系数呈现扩大趋势；（3）影响城市工业用地效率的主要因素是工业行业规模、土地市场化水平、工业行业对外开放程度、工业行业集聚程度。工业行业产权结构对城市工业用地效率并不具有显著影响，而工业行业技术水平和工业行业结构对城市工业用地效率的影响还需进一步检验。研究结论：城市工业用地效率差异大，变化复杂，受多种因素共同影响，未来的政策应当提高土地市场化水平，注重工业行业的规模化经营，努力提升工业行业科技水平及开放化程度，并合理规划好工业园区或开发区，促进工业行业发挥集聚效应，最终提升工业用地效率。

Study on the Urban Industrial Land Use Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the urban industrial land use efficiency variation and its influencing factors in China from 2005 to 2010. Methods employed include 1） using DEA to calculate the urban industrial land use efficiency of each province and the different regions in China from 2005 to 2010; 2） based on the calculated results of the urban industrial land use efficiencies and the chosen influencing factors, a set of provincial-level panel data is established; 3） through the establishment of model to estimate and verify the impacts. The results indicate that 1） there are great differences among various regions regarding the urban industrial land use efficiency, and the urban industrial land use efficiency is descending; 2） the differences of urban industrial land use efficiency in various regions is expanding; 3） the main factors influencing the urban industrial land use efficiency in China are the scale of urban industry, land market development, the industry opening degree and industrial agglomeration degree while the structure of ownership of industry is not the main factor. However, the technical merit and the structure of industry have more complex effects on urban industrial land use efficiency, the further research is needed. It is concluded that 1） urban industrial land use efficiency is very different in regions and simultaneously influenced by certain factors; 2） developing land market, increasing the scale of industry, advancing the technical merit and opening degree of industry, planning the industrial parks and promoting the level of industry agglomeration should be included in the future policies, finally achieve the goal of improving the urban industrial land use efficiency.