英国现代学徒制改革趋势研究：基于开拓者项目的分析

英国学徒制当前发展态势很好，形成了现代学徒制的基本框架、组织机构、拨款机制，并且参加学徒制培训的人数在不断增加，但是依旧需要反思和进步。2014年3月英国政府的全国学徒周上，宣布英国要推行开拓者项目（Trailblazers）模式的学徒制改革。该项目的实施是为了解决学徒制的培养质量问题，保证企业成为学徒制的主导力量，并且简化已有的学徒制的体系，开拓者项目第一批选取了8个行业作为试点，这8个行业都由企业牵头设计学徒制的能力标准、培养路径、评价方式等。从英国当前开拓者项目的发展情况来看，如何调动企业积极性、让各个利益相关方都能在学徒制改革中发挥作用，英国的做法给了中国职业教育研究者一些启示。

The Study on Reform Trend of British Modem Apprenticeship-Trailblazers

The British apprenticeship has a well development conditional. It has formed basic framework of modern apprenticeship. Such as organization, funding mechanisms and the number of apprenticeship training has also increasing, but still need to rethink and progress. In March 2014, at the government of UK national apprentice week, announced that the Great Britain will push the blazers apprenticeship reform project （Trailblazers） model. Implementation of this project is solving the problem of the apprenticeship training quality problem. Meanwhile, make sure enterprises become the dominant force in apprenticeship and simplify the existing system of apprentice-ship. Trailblazers had chosen eight industries as a pilot. The eight industry led by enterprises to design the ability of the apprenticeship standards, cultivation path and the way of evaluation. These measures have some well effect for reform of apprenticeship. It also bring some good opinions.