论我国海商立法对合同相对性的突破——以《鹿特丹规则》为切入点

按照传统的合同相对性,合同只对缔约双方具有约束力.为了实现海上活动的公平公正,需要有合同相对性的例外情形,因此,国际海运立法致力于以法定化突破合同相对性.从《鹿特丹规则》所构建的对合同相对性的突破制度来反观我国海商立法,由于当时的立法水平有限,我国《海商法》所构建的突破制度存在一定的缺陷,而《鹿特丹规则》虽然前景不明,但是公约中的一些具有前瞻性和合理性的制度构建对我国海商立法的修订具有一定的借鉴意义,确有必要完善我国海商立法对合同相对性的突破制度.

On Maritime Law Breakthrough to the Privity of Contract in China

According to the traditional principle of privity of contract, the contract is only binding upon the contracting parties. To guarantee the fair and equitable treatment in the maritime activities, exceptions to privity of contract are necessary. As a result, the international maritime legislation is dedicated to making a breakthrough with regard to the privity of contract. From the perspective of the Rotterdam-rules＇ system of breaking through the principle of privity of contract, the Chinese maritime law has drawbacks due to lack of experience in the field of legislation. Although the future of the ＂Rotterdam rules＂ is unclear, the prospective and rational legislative mechanism has significant reference value to the Chinese maritime law, and it is highly necessary to perfect the system of breaking through the principle of privity of contract.