南美洲铝土矿资源勘查开发现状与潜力分析

从南美洲铝土矿资源特征入手,介绍了南美洲主要国家铝土矿资源概况,分析了南美洲铝土矿资源的勘查开发现状,提出了中国铝行业公司勘查开发南美洲铝土矿资源的建议。南美洲铝土矿资源主要分布在巴西、苏里南、圭亚那和委内瑞拉等4个国家,储量为4.35×109t,占世界铝土矿总储量的15.54%,巴西为南美洲最大的铝土矿生产国和出口国。南美洲铝土矿成因类型主要为红土型,主要的铝土矿矿山有53座,主要的铝土矿勘查开发矿业公司有巴西淡水河谷公司、力拓集团、美国铝业公司等15家。巴西的东亚马孙盆地、委内瑞拉的帕尔瓜萨地区和苏里南—圭亚那的沿海平原区为有利的铝土矿勘查开发潜力区。建议中国积极勘查开发南美洲铝土矿资源,巴西的东亚马孙盆地地区是有利的勘查开发投资目标区,加大南美洲铝土矿进口量,积极参与南美洲铝土矿新产能建设。

On Development Situation and Potentiatity of South America's Bauxite Resources

Based on the bauxite resource features in South America,this paper analyzes its exploration and development situation,and presents suggestions for China's aluminum companies exploration and development of the bauxite resource in South America.The bauxite resources of South America mainly distribute in Brazil, Suriname,Guyana and Venezuela.The bauxite reserves of South America are 4350 million tons in 2015,accounting for 15.54% of the global bauxite reserves.Brazil is the largest bauxite resource producer and exporter in South America.The major genesis of bauxite deposits in South America is lateritic bauxite.There are 53 major bauxite mines engaged in bauxite resources exploration and development in South America,and 15 of which are aluminum companies,such as Votorantim Industrial S.A.,Vale SA.,Rio Tinto Group,Alcoa.Inc.,and Norsk Hydro ASA. The eastern Amazon basin area in Brazil,Parguaza area in Venezuela and the coastal plain area in Suriname and Guyana are the major bauxite resources potential areas for exploration and development in South America.China's aluminum companies should actively participate in exploration and development of the bauxite resource,and increase the import of bauxite and investment the bauxite new productivity construction in South America.