产业升级中的中国劳动成本优势

丰富的劳动力资源是我国参与国际产业分工最大的比较优势。我国在产业升级的过程中出现了劳动成本上升和劳动效率下降的趋势,这是产业分工的低端劳动力资源数量过剩和产业分工的高端劳动力资源数量不足的具体表现。在产业分工的低端,劳动成本优势主要体现在劳动力资源的规模优势上;而在产业分工的高端,劳动成本优势主要体现在劳动力资源的素质优势上。劳动力资源在产业分工低端的规模供给,无法替代产业升级中的产业高端的素质需求。我国面对产业分工水平提升的要求,劳动成本优势的发挥应该依靠高效率克服高成本。产业分工知识含量的提高,要求提高产业工人的知识素养。

CHINESE ADVANTAGE OF LABOR COSTS WHEN INDUSTRIAL UPGRADE

Abundant labor resource is Chinese biggest comparati ve advantages. China sees both increasing labor costs and decreasing labor efficie ncy when industrial upgrade, which reflects the surplus of low-end labor and sh ortage of high-end labor. Labor costs advantages are mainly scales advantages o n the low-end and nature ones on the high-end, while the two are not substitut able. So, when Chinese industrial upgrade, we should overcome the high labor cos ts by high efficiency and knowledge learning.