我国出口企业重要技能的识别及其排序

根据对我国东部经贸发达地区的800家外贸企业所进行的问卷调查,采用主成分分析法识别出8大类共56项重要出口技能,8大类技能包括国际金融、国际营销、国际贸易政策与规则、国际贸易物流、国际结算、国际贸易战略管理、国际贸易调研和国际贸易实务;通过计算均值和标准差,对88项出口技能按重要性进行了排序。实证研究发现,我国外贸企业认为对于成功出口最重要的技能是国际贸易政策与规则、国际结算和国际贸易调研类技能。总体上,我国外贸企业更重视基本的金融技能和战略管理技能;对于国际营销技能重要项目的整总体评价一般甚至有些偏低;同其他国家企业的情况相比,我国外贸企业对国际贸易物流和国际贸易实务技能的重视程度相对较低。

Ranking the Importance of Practical Export Skills: Some Empirical Evidence from the Chinese Exporters

This paper attempts to empirically identify a set of practical export skills important to the Chinese firms. A survey containing 88 practical export skills, selected from the existing literature, was sent to 800 Chinese exporting companies in major eastern regions of China. With the factor analysis, eight skill areas were identified and 56 skills were found more important. The eight skill areas included international finance, international marketing, international trade policy and regulations, international trade logistics, international payment terms, strategic management in international trade, international trade research and international trade practice. All the skills were ranked according to the mean value and standard deviations. The results of the study show that skills in international trade policy and regulations, international payment terms and international trade research were viewed as being the most the basic finance and strategic management skills important. In general, the Chinese exporters viewed as being more important than advanced skills. International marketing skills were considered to be of only moderate importance and some were ranked even lower. In contrast to earlier findings for other countries, international trade logistics skills and international practice skills were viewed as being less important. This importance rankings may be used by the Chinese universities and government trade agencies to design more effective skill training programs and to guide their resource allocations.