人口集聚与雾霾污染:基于生存型消费视角

以居民衣食住行等生存型消费为视角,利用地级市人口数据构造了30个省份人口集聚指标——省际蔓延指数,采用空间杜宾模型考察了人口集聚对雾霾污染的直接、间接影响及其影响的异质性。研究表明,省级层面的人口集聚有助于直接缓解雾霾污染,但人口过度向省内中心城市集聚却不利于缓解雾霾污染;人口集聚将通过生存型消费各构成项间接影响雾霾。其中,人口集聚引致的食物消费增加会间接促进雾霾污染减少,但人口集聚引致的衣着、居住和交通通信消费的增加却会间接加剧雾霾污染,衣着、交通通信消费与雾霾之间均呈倒"U"型曲线关系;由人口集聚引致的生存型消费项的变化对雾霾污染的影响存在显著区域差异。因此,从人口与消费综合方向强化区域联防联控政策有助于防治雾霾。

Agglomeration and Haze Pollution:From the Perspective of Subsistence Consumption

Taking the subsistence consumption like food,clothing,residence and transportation as an intermediary,we investigated the direct effects,indirect effects and regional differences of population agglomeration on haze pollution.This article used prefecture-level cities data to calculate the inter provincial sprawl index in 30 provinces.The results show that population agglomeration at the provincial level helps directly alleviate haze pollution,but excessive population gathering in central cities in the province is not conducive to alleviating haze pollution.From the perspective of subsistence consumption,it is found that the increase in food consumption caused by agglomeration has a negative relationship with haze pollution,but the increase of clothing,residence and transportation consumption related to industrial production will aggravate haze pollution.Specifically,the relationship between clothing and transportation consumption with the haze pollution has an inverted"U"shape relationship.There are significant regional differences in the impact of subsistence consumption caused by agglomeration on haze pollution.Therefore,strengthening the regional joint prevention and control policy from the comprehensive direction of population and consumption will help stop the haze.