基于CRITIC-TOPSIS法地铁车站基坑开挖施工安全风险评估——以济南地铁9号线开源路站为例

地铁车站基坑通常因规模大、近接建构筑物、对变形控制的要求高，而成为地铁车站建设中重点关注的环节。如何对地铁车站基坑开挖施工进行科学有效的评估，使其对施工工法及技术进行优化和指导，降低地铁车站建设时带来的风险，有至关重要的意义。应用指标相关性权重确定(CRITIC)法，并结合逼近理想解排序(TOPSIS)法，依托在建地铁车站基坑项目进行评估。结果表明：周边环境与支护不足成为地铁车站基坑开挖施工的主要风险来源；对于狭长型的地铁车站基坑来说，端头井处较易发生危险。通过使用CRITIC-TOPSIS法对地铁车站基坑开挖施工进行安全风险评估，可有效分析基坑开挖中的风险因素并按照影响程度进行大小排序，针对具体因素采取有效措施以减小施工风险。

Construction Safety Risk Assessment of Subway Station Foundation Pit Excavation Based on CRITICAL-TOPSIS Method:Taking Kaiyuan Road Station of Jinan Metro Line 9 as an Example

The foundation pit of subway station usually becomes the key link in subway station construction because of its large scale, close to the structure and high demand for deformation control. It is of vital significance to evaluate the excavation of subway station foundation pit scientifically and effectively, optimize and guide the construction method and technology, and reduce the risk of subway station construction. An objective weight weighting method CRITIC (criteria importance through intercriteria correlation) is introduced , Combined with the method TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to an ldeal solution), the evaluation is carried out based on the foundation pit project of subway station under construction. The analysis results show that the surrounding environment and insufficient support have become the main risk sources for the excavation of subway station foundation pit. For the narrow and long subway station foundation pit, the end well is more prone to danger. During the excavation of foundation pit, the monitoring and measurement should be strengthened, the construction parameters should be adjusted in time, and the construction method should be optimized.