美国先进科学仪器资助政策发展状况及其特点

先进科学仪器对科学研究重大突破所起的关键作用日益凸显,先进科学仪器的创新已经成为推动科技创新的重要支撑。从发展战略与政策、发展重点与布局和基本数据统计等3个角度对美国先进科学仪器资助政策的发展状况进行了研究,并且从长期规划、科学目标、优先领域、发展定位、组织模式和管理办法等6个方面对美国先进科学仪器资助政策的特点进行了分析。期望所做研究和分析,为我国先进科学仪器资助战略和发展规划的制定,提供参考。

Analysis on Funding Policy of Advanced Research Instrumentation and Facilities in the U.S. and Its Characteristics

Advanced research instrumentation and facilities （ARIF） play increasingly key role for scientiifc breakthroughs, and ARIF’s innovation has become an important support to promote scientiifc and technological innovation. The paper investigated the ARIF funding policy of United States in three aspects, i.e. development strategies and policies, development priorities and layout, basic statistics. Then the paper analyzed characteristics of the ARIF funding policy from six aspects including long-term planning, scientific objectives, priorities, development orientation, organizational models and management practices, aiming to provide a reference for our country’s ARIF funding strategy and development planning.