俄罗斯科学院现状及改革前景概述

俄罗斯科学院是俄罗斯科学的骨干力量,长期代表该国基础研究的最高水准。俄罗斯政府根据国家科学体制改革总体规划,以提高科研效率为目标,自2014年以来启动对科学院改革重组进程。通过介绍俄罗斯科学院改革背景,研究俄罗斯科学院改革前组织结构、人员组成、经费投入、论文发表数量及排名数据信息,列举影响俄罗斯科学院发展的障碍性因素,分析俄罗斯科学院新章程要点,并对其改革重组后角色转变、职能定位、与联邦科学机构署的关系、当前亟需解决的问题及未来地位等作出展望,旨在为中俄科技合作以及我国苏式科学机构改革,提供参考借鉴。

Status and Reform Prospects of Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Academy of Sciences is the main scientiifc strength of Russia, and represents the highest level of basic research in the country. Guided by the concept of the development and reform of the national science, in order to increase the efficiency and productivity of scientific activities, since 2014 the Russian government began the process of reforming the Russian Academy of Sciences. By reviewing the background reasons for reforming the Russian Academy of Sciences, the paper studies the organizational structure, human resource capacity, budget financing, the number of publications of Russia Academy of Sciences, analyses the factors that hinder the development of the academy, and predict changes in its roles, functions, relationship with the Federal agency for scientific organizations and the challenges that need to be addressed in the first place, which could be a reference to the Sino-Russian scientiifc and technical cooperation and the reform of the Soviet-type research organizations in China.