空间定向障碍评价方法研究

空间定向障碍(SD)是指飞行员在三维空间飞行中对飞行姿态、位置和运动状况发生的错误判断。SD严重影响着飞行安全,虽然SD被很多学者关注,但针对不同类型SD的研究不多,尤其缺乏不可认知型SD的相关研究。为解决上述问题,在详细分析国内外已有研究成果的基础上,结合SD的产生原因和认知学分类,将现有SD的评价方法归纳总结,概述了主观评价法、生理心理参数专项检测法、行为学评价法和认知学评价法的优缺点及其适用的SD类型。以4种评价方法为基础,提出一种集主观评价和行为学足底压力中心评价为一体的、针对认知阈下的不可认知型SD评价方法。所提出的新方法不仅可以从主观上区分认知类型,还将客观行为学数据作为是否出现SD的评价依据,适用于不可认知型SD,为其鉴定及后续的对抗训练提供了重要依据。

Research of spatial disorientation evaluation method

Spatial disorientation refers to an erroneous perception of position, altitude, motion related to the plane of the earth''s surface or a false perception relative to gravitational vertical and with respect to the aviator''s own or other aircraft. Although spatial disorientation which has a strong impact on air safety, gets a lot attention by many scholars, little studies pay attention to different types of spatial disorientation, especially unrecognized spatial disorientation. In order to solve the above problems, the reason and classification of spatial disorientation are generalized based on detailed analysis of the existing researches. And the evaluation methods of SD are summarized by subjective assessment, psychophysiological assessment, behavioural assessment and cognitive assessment. Based on the 4 existing evaluation methods, a new evaluation method is put forward to measure unrecognized SD. The subjective reports and the canter data of foot pressure are combined together in the new method. The proposed new method can not only distinguish the type of spatial disorientation subjectively, but also be used as the judgement basis for objectives behavioristics data to evaluate the SD existence.The new optimization design method will provide important basis for the test of unrecognized SD and countermeasure training.