离析现代化与旅游对民族社区的文化影响——西双版纳三个傣寨的比较研究

旅游发展会对民族社区的社会文化产生影响,却鲜有研究将民族旅游的独特影响从社会现代化发展的整体影响中剥离出来、辨清机制。文章用西双版纳三个旅游发展阶段不同的典型傣寨构成＂自然实验＂,对傣寨文化逐层逐项进行横向、纵向比较。研究表明：（1）三傣寨物质文化发生了不同程度的演绎,但精神文化内核都得以传承。（2）物质文化和部分制度文化的变迁主要源于整体社会现代化进程对传统生活方式的挤压。（3）在外部社会现代化发展的整体推力把某些民族文化特质推离传统的当代,民族社区旅游发展的内生动力反而是把其拉回原形的拉力。（4）在不可抗的现代化进程中,民族旅游社区能否持续发展,在内需要社区精英的带领,在旅游场域的多方博弈中自下而上对自身文化进行扬弃,在外需要政府自上而下的制度关怀和规划引导。

An Analysis of Cultural Impact of Modernizatio and Tourism on Ethnic Communities——A Comparative Study on Three Dai Village in Xishuangbanna

Tourism development will produce sociocultural impact on ethnic commumities,but few research can peel off unique impact of ethnic tourism from the overall impact of modernized development of human society and distinguish its mechanism clearly.The paper,using quasi-natural experiment constructed by three typical Dai villages in their different stages of toruism development,conducts horizontal and vertical comparative study on Dai village culture.The study indicates:1.The core ethnic culture has been inherite...