中国农户收入水平、结构及其影响因素

本文采用2003~2010年全国农村固定观察点微观住户调查数据,应用统计性描述和计量分析方法，研究了我国农户收入水平、结构及其影响因素。研究发现：农户收入水平及增速均滞后于城镇居民，其主要收入来源是劳动性收入，资产性收入的比例较低。农户收入水平的影响因素是多元和复杂的，既有产业差异、区域分割、制度与政策等宏观因素，也有农户人力资本积累、物质资本投入、金融资产与社会资本拥有、农户家庭特征等微观因素。金融资产和区域经济发展水平等因素对农户收入的影响是全面性的，人力资本、物质资本、金融资产、社会资本及制度与政策等因素对农户收入的影响是结构性的。

Incomes Level,Structure and Its Causes

Using National Rural Fixed Observation Point Data in China, this study investigates the farmers household incomes and its causes. We find that incomes and its growth of farmers in China are lagging behind the urban residents. The main source of farmer household incomes are labor incomes, property incomes ratio are still very low. And the paper argues that the causes of the incomes are the integration of macroscopic factors such as industrial difference, region segmentation and national policies, microcosmic factors such as human capital, physical capital, social capital and family characteristics. According to the structural decomposition of incomes, the impact of some factors such as region segmentation and financial assets on the household income is comprehensive, and the impact of the other factors such as human capital, physical capital ,social capital and national policies is structural.