数字经济发展的人力资本结构效应研究

本文基于2011—2018年中国276个地级市面板数据，采用面板固定效应、面板门槛效应、工具变量等模型探究数字经济发展与人力资本结构高级化之间的关系，并进一步分析数字经济发展与低级、中级、高级人力资本之间的关系。研究结果表明：数字经济发展能够显著提高人力资本结构高级化水平，尤其是显著提高低级和高级人力资本水平；异质性分析结果表明，无论从东部和中西部角度，还是从中心城市和外围城市角度，数字经济发展均正向推动人力资本结构高级化水平，且在低级、中级、高级人力资本水平方面存在明显差异；进一步地，在产业结构高级化水平较低时，数字经济发展对人力资本结构高级化具有积极作用，但到达一定阶段之后则会产生抑制作用。因此，各地区应加快建设数字经济基础设施，合理推动产业结构高级化，提升人力资源有效性，从而实现经济高质量发展。

Research on Human Capital Structure Effect of Digital Economy Development

Based on the panel data of 276 prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses models of the panel fixed effect, the panel threshold effect and instrumental variables to explore the relationship between the development of digital economy and the advancement of human capital structure, and further analyses the relationship between the development of digital economy and the development of different levels of human capital. The results show that the development of digital economy significantly improves the level of advanced human capital structure, especially the low-level and high-level human capital. From the perspective of heterogeneity, it is found that the development of digital economy significantly promotes the level of advanced human capital structure from the perspectives of both eastern and midwestern regions, and central and peripheral cities, and there are significant differences in different levels of human capital. It is further found that when the level of advanced industrial structure is relatively low, the development of digital economy has a positive effect on the advanced human capital structure, while it will become negative after a certain stage. Therefore, it is suggested that all regions should accelerate the construction of digital economic infrastructure, rationally promote the advanced development of industrial structure, and enhance the effectiveness of human resources, so as to achieve high-quality economic development.