水资源治理与传统水利管理的区别

探析水资源治理的内涵及其与传统水利管理的区别。认为，治理与管理的最大区别在于：治理的客体是多方利益主体以及他们之间可能互不隶属的社会关系；而管理是针对一个封闭系统内部的，管理体系中的权力关系是自上而下的。人类治水活动系统包含两个子系统：处理水与人关系的自然子系统；协调人与人关系的社会子系统。中国水问题的实质是人的问题，水危机的根源在于协调处理社会子系统能力低下所导致的治理危机，治水的关键在于“治人”，在于提高对水资源的治理能力。由于要面对和处理横向的、互不隶属的社会关系，水资源治理与传统的水利管理从内容到目标、到手段，均不相同。

Difference between water resources governance and traditional water resources management

The meaning of water resources governance as well as its difference from the traditional water resources management is discussed.The largest difference between the governance and management is regarded to be that the object of governance is the subject of multiple benefits and the social relationship among them,while the management aims at the internal parts of a close system and its power system is from the top to the down.The water resources governance system includes two sub-systems: the natural sub-system between water and human being and the social sub-system among human beings.The essence of governing water problems in China is the problems of human being,the causes of water crisis is the governing crisis resulted from the decrease of the ability of handling the social sub-system,and the key to govern the water resources is to govern human being and to raise the ability of handling water resources.Owing to the social relationship,the water resources governance and the traditional water resources management are different as regards to the content,aims and measures.