郭店楚简《老子》中假借字的语音现象分析

郭店楚简《老子》中存在着大量假借字,是研究上古音有价值的材料。通过对这些假借字分别从声母、韵母和声调三个方面进行考察,可明确地发现,当时楚国语音在声母方面存在清浊通用,轻唇音不分,舌头舌上不分,泥娘日三母不分,章组归端等特点,在韵母方面存在阴声韵、阳声韵与入声韵截然分立等特点,在声调方面,当时楚国语音中只有平、入两个调类。

Analysis on speech of borrowings in Lao Tzu of Chu State Bamboo Slips of Guodian

There are a large number of borrowings in Chu State Bamboo Slips of Guodian,these are valuable material for reaching ancient speech.By studying these borrowings from three aspects of consonant,vowel and tune,finds out that on the aspect of consonant,surd and sonant are universal,light and heavy labial are confound,lingua speech and on the lingua speech are confound,"n,l,r" are confound,"zhang and zu" go back to the end.On the aspect of vowel,yin tone,yang tone and entering tone are different.On the aspect of tune,there are only level tune and entering tune in the speech of Chu State.