The factors in residents' mobility in rural towns of China: Car ownership,road infrastructure and public transport services |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Transportation and Logistics, National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation, Service Science and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of System Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Chengdu, 611756, China;2. Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture and Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Chengdu, 611756, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China;1. Research Center for China Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China;2. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, People’s Republic of China;3. Future City Lab, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China;4. School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China;1. Department of Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China;2. Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, USA;1. Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China;2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences of Peking University, Beijing, China;3. School of Urban Planning and Design of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China;4. Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes (LESP) Ministry of Education of Peking University, Beijing, China;5. Institute of Spatial Planning and Regional Economy, Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, Beijing, China;6. Transport Studies Unit, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK |
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| Abstract: | The improvement of rural people's mobility in developing countries has informed many policies. Still, debates remain on which policies are efficient, for instance, building more roads, providing public transport or promoting car ownership. The empirical evidence for these debates at the national level remains scarce. As a result, this paper aims to provide fresh evidence for discussions by examining residents' mobility in China using nationwide survey data with 12,524 respondents from 119 rural towns. The results of the analysis show car ownership is the most significant factor influencing rural people's mobility than other factors. Higher car ownership relates to a higher travel frequency to counties or cities. Other kinds of transport vehicles (i.e. electric cars, motorcycles and electric bikes) also have positive but relatively weaker impacts on rural mobility. For public transport, it is more accessible to access bus stops, which encourages travel to higher-order centres rather than increasing the frequency of county bus services. The accessibility of high-quality road systems tends to have a negative influence and has combined effects with levels of local services. People from towns with insufficient local services and poor access to highways travel the most frequently to higher-order centres. This study highlights the critical role of road investments and car ownership enhancement policies in improving mobility. Moreover, this study also underscores the supplemental role of public transport services given the current low car ownership rates in rural towns of China and the global consensus on sustainable green transport development. It highlights the importance of engaging eco-friendly and locally adaptive transport alternatives, such as electric cars and electric bikes. It also calls for a rational distribution of bus stops and more flexible, convenient, and physically accessible public transport and carshare modes in rural China. |
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