学历与首次职位升迁对关键研发者职业生涯上升速度的影响

基于1995—2015年中国家电和汽车行业共40个上市公司（20+20个）的全部发明、实用新型专利数据，提取得到219名关键研发者，并将其创造力类型划分为速成型（创造力上升迅速但下降缓慢）和慢热型（创造力上升缓慢但下降速度快）。然后，从个体属性出发，研究学历和首次职位升迁两个因素对关键研发者职业生涯上升阶段创造力的影响。利用Logit模型进行分析，结果发现：在关键研发者职业生涯上升期，其学历越高，就越有可能是速成型而不是慢热型；关键研发者职业生涯上升期如果发生首次职位升迁，他们更有可能是慢热型而不是速成型。从理论上丰富了关键研发者创造力影响因素研究，对如何实现关键研发者快速成长具有实践指导价值，有助于企业完善关键研发者选拔机制与管理策略。

The Influence of Academic Qualifications and First Job Promotion

Based on the research of domestic household appliances and automobile industry of 40 listed companies(20 respectively),219 key inventors were extracted from all patents on inventions and utility patents from 1995 to 2015,according to their types of creation,they were categorized into rapid growth type (rapidly rising but slowly declines in creativity) and slow type (slowly rising but rapidly declines in creativity).Then starting from individual attributes,this paper studies the influence of the first job promotion and academic qualifications on the creativity of the key inventors in the ascent stage of their career.By using the Logit statistical model,it is found that if the first job promotion occurs in their ascent stage,they are more likely to be a slow type rather than rapid growth type.The higher academic qualifications key inventors have in their ascent stage,the more likely they are to be rapid growth type rather than slow type.This study theoretically enriches the research on the factors affecting the creativity of key inventors and has practical guidance on how to realize the rapid growth of key inventors.Also it is helpful for enterprises to perfect the selection mechanism and management strategy of key inventors.