关键研发者创造力变化研究综述与未来展望——组织内与组织间嵌入视角

关键研发者为数不多但承担企业大量的核心技术创新工作，是企业最重要的战略人力资源。以往学者基于关键研发者内涵，从各维度提出不同的关键研发者识别方法，探讨影响关键研发者创造力的各种因素，但尚未形成统一认识和系统理论框架。回顾关键研发者内涵，阐述关键研发者识别方法及其异同，提出环境不确定性下影响关键研发者创造力的4个方面:①组织内工作环境变动；②组织间工作环境变动；③组织内合作网络；④组织间合作网络。最后，提出4个未来重要研究方向，为企业在快速变化的市场环境下实现关键研发者管理及促进技术创新提供理论与应用依据。

Review and Prospect of Research on Creativity Changes of Key Developers:based on the Perspective of Embeddedness within and between Organizations

The key inventors are few but undertake a large number of core technology innovation work,which is the most important human strategic resource of the enterprise.In the past,based on the connotation of key inventors,scholars have proposed different key inventor identification methods from various dimensions,and explored various factors that affect the creativity of key inventors,but have not yet formed a unified understanding and systematic theoretical framework.This paper reviews the connotation of key inventors,expounds the identification methods of key inventors and their similarities and differences,and gives four aspects that affect the creativity of key inventors under environmental uncertainty:①changes in the working environment within the organization; ②changes in the working environment between organizations; ③cooperation networks within the organization; ④cooperation networks between organizations.Finally,three important research directions in the future are proposed,which provide the theoretical and application basis for the key inventors to manage and promote technological innovation in the rapid market environment.