校企知识流动效率测度及影响因素分析——基于空间面板Tobit模型的实证研究

将校企知识流动过程分为知识研发阶段和知识转化阶段，采用两阶段DEA模型分别测度了校企知识研发效率和校企知识转化效率，并基于空间面板Tobit模型研究两种效率的影响机制。结果显示：我国高校的校企知识研发效率整体高于知识转化效率，并且两种效率均具有地区分布不均衡性，莫兰指数验证了两者均存在正向空间溢出效应；在高校层面，高校创新能力对知识研发效率存在促进效应，但是，对知识转化效率存在抑制效应，科研人员结构只对知识转化效率存在正向影响，政府科研支持对知识研发效率和知识转化效率均具有积极作用；在省域层面，省域创新集聚水平与地区经济水平对知识研发效率和知识转化效率均具有显著正向影响，技术创新投入只对知识研发效率存在促进效应；校企知识流动效率的影响机制对不同地区和不同高校类型具有异质性。

The Measurement of Knowledge Flow Efficiency of Schools and Enterprises and Analysis of Influencing Factors

Based on dividing the university-industry knowledge flow process into the knowledge research phase and the knowledge conversion phase, this paper uses a two-stage DEA model to measure the efficiency of university-industry knowledge research and the efficiency of university-industry knowledge conversion. And based on the Tobit model of the spacial panel, this paper studies the two mechanisms of efficiency. The results show that: the overall efficiency of knowledge research in Chinese universities is higher than the efficiency of knowledge conversion, and there are regional imbalances in both types of efficiency, and the Moran Index verifies that both have positive space spillover effects; at the university level, the innovation ability of universities has a promoting effect on knowledge research efficiency but there is a suppressing effect on the efficiency of knowledge transformation, the structure of scientific research personnel only has a positive impact on the efficiency of knowledge conversion, government research support has a positive effect on the efficiency of knowledge research and the efficiency of knowledge conversion; at the provincial level, the level of provincial innovation concentration and the regional economic level have a significant positive impact on both the efficiency of knowledge research and the efficiency of knowledge conversion, the input of technological innovation only has a promoting effect on the efficiency of knowledge research; the influence mechanism of knowledge flow efficiency of university-industry is heterogeneous in different regions and different types of universities.