我国林权问题的经济学分析

对我国林权问题研究现状进行总结，指出森林资源具有经济效益和生态效益的双重效益属性，政府和林农对这两种效益有着不同的追求。实施限额采伐制度使林农对林木的处置权受限，而且我国尚未建立完善的生态效益补偿机制，林农经营森林的正外部性没有得到合理补偿，因此政府与林农对不同效益的追求成了林权问题的症结所在。通过构造博弈模型，分别分析存在生态效益补偿机制和不存在生态效益补偿机制的两种情况下，政府和林农的博弈过程，从理论上证明在建立完善的生态效益补偿机制下，政府实施自由采伐的政策，落实林农的处置权可以使政府和林农双方的利益达到最大化。

Economic Analysis on the problems of Forest Property Right in China

It is reviewed that the present situation of researsh of forest property right in China, pointed that forest have two attribution, one is the economic benefits, another is ecological benefits. The government and the farmer have different purchase to the benefits. The quota cuts policy make the farmers, handling right be limited. And the govermmen have not established the mechanism of the compensation to forestry ecological benefits. The farmer can not obtain the benefits of the externality. So the govermment and the farmers seek different benefits. This is the key of the problems. By building game theory models, analysed the gaming behaviors of the govermment and the farmers under the condition of existing the mechanism of the compensation to forestry ecological benefits or not. It is provided theoretically that the govermment and the farmers will attain their maximum benefits if the govermment do not limited cut and implement the mechanism of the ecological benefits compensation.