贫困、不平等和农村非农产业的发展

本文利用农村家庭户的调查数据，从微观经济学的角度出发，研究了中国农村非农产业对农村地区收入不平等和贫困的影响。我们首先利用计量经济学方法，模拟家庭在不参与非农业活动情况下的收入水平，然后比较参与和不参与非农业活动两种情况下的收入分布。结果表明，非农业生产活动一方面缓解了农村地区的收入不平等状况，另一方面显著降低了农村的贫困化程度。缩小了贫困户间的收入差距，改善了最贫困户的收入水平。

Poverty, Inequality and Development of Rural Non-agricultural Activities

This paper studies the impacts of non-farm activities on rural inequality and poverty in China, using household survey data. Firstly, we simulate household income assuming no participation in non-agricultural activities based on our econometric results. Secondly, we compare the income distribution in two cases-one with participation in non-agricultural activities and one without. Our results show that, on the one hand, participation in non-farm activities alleviates inequality in rural area; and on the other hand, it significantly reduces rural poverty, lessens the income gap between the poor and the rich and improves the income of the poorest households.