政府规制下众创空间创业生态系统发展的演化博弈分析

为应对经济转型与大众创业难的重大挑战,发展众创空间创业生态系统以推动大众创业、万众创新已成为我国政府当务之急,而政府扶持是促进众创空间创业生态系统健康发展的重要手段。文章运用MATLAB仿真分析和演化博弈理论,研究众创空间创业生态系统发展过程中三方参与者,政府、众创空间及创业企业的初始意愿以及政府规制对三方参与者行为策略演化的影响。研究发现:(1)相较于政府对创业企业直接补贴模式,政府对众创空间进行补贴更有利于众创空间向提供优质创业服务和创业企业向接受孵化方向演化。(2)众创空间创业生态系统发展初期,政府行为策略向积极规制方向演化,待众创空间创业生态系统发展成熟后,政府行为策略向消极规制方向演化。(3)相较于政府规制,众创空间创业生态系统发展中三方参与主体的初始意愿对三方行为策略演化的方向和速度影响更加显著。政府积极规制初始意愿、众创空间提供优质创业服务初始意愿以及创业企业接受孵化初始意愿较低时,政府规制对众创空间和创业企业行为演化的影响微弱,但当各主体相应初始意愿较高时,较低的政府规制水平即可实现较高的预期目标。

Evolutionary Game Analysis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Development of Innovation Space under Government Regulation

In order to cope with the major challenges of economic transformation and mass entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurial ecosystem development of innovation space (IS) has become the top priority of our government to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and government regulation is a necessary means to ensure the healthy development of entrepreneurial ecosystem of IS. The impacts of government regulation and initial willingness of the three parties on the entrepreneurial cooperation between IS and EV is analyzed by MATLAB simulation software and evolutionary game theory. The research finds that: (1) Compared with the mode of government’s direct subsidies to entrepreneurial ventures (EV), the government’s subsidies to IS is more conducive to the evolution of IS to provide quality entrepreneurship service and EV towards acceptance incubation. (2) In the early stage of the development of IS, the government’s behavior strategy evolved towards positive regulation; when entrepreneurial ecosystem of IS matured, the government’s behavior strategy turns negative. (3) Compared with government regulation, the initial willingness level of the government, IS and EV has more significant impact on the evolution of the behavior strategies of each subject. When the initial willingness of the government regulates actively, the willingness of IS providing quality entrepreneurship service and EV accepting incubation is low, the impact of government regulation on the evolution of IS and entrepreneurial venture’s behavior is negligible. But, when the initial willingness of each subject is high, the lower level of government regulation can achieve higher expected goals.