生产力:"是什么"与"什么是"——从"系统论"看马克思的"生产力"理论

关于“生产力”，马克思有诸多提法和表述。正确认识和处理不同含义的生产力概念及其相互关系，无疑是正确地理解和把握马克思的生产力理论乃至整个唯物史观的重要前提。本文运用现代“系统论”方法，分别就生产力系统的“系统质”、系统内部的“要素”和“结构”、系统外部的“环境”和“条件”进行梳理和剖析。基本结论是：要把“系统质”的一般层面的生产力规定与内部“要素”和“结构”、外部“环境”和“条件”等具体层面的生产力规定区别开来；前者回答的是生产力“是什么”的问题，后者回答的则是“什么是”生产力的问题；既不能把这些不同层次的生产力规定混为一谈，更不能用具体层面的任何一种生产力规定去排斥甚至取代一般层面的生产力规定。

Productivity is What and What is Productivity:Analysis on Marx's Theory of Productivity from the Perspective of Systems Theory

As to productivity,there is different statement in Marx's research work. The correct understanding of different meanings of productivity and their relations is undoubtedly important to understand Mark's theory of productivity and even historical materialism. Based on modern systems theory,the paper analyzes the essence of the productivity system,the internal elements and structure,and the external environment and conditions. Conclusions are as follows:firstly,we should discriminate the system essence as the...